Etanol.nu

Alla talar om energieffektiva bilar. Hur bra är etanol i en bensinbil?

- Ja, det är precis som du säger, trycket på energieffektiva bilar kommer att bli mycket, mycket större. Och det kommer att gå snabbt. Det spår som jag tycker är väldigt intressant är hybridbilar i kombination med biodrivmedel.

Nästa steg är plug-in-hybrid med en bränslesnål diesel som går på förnybar syntetisk diesel.

- Ja, det är därför det är så viktitg med förgasningsspåret för att göra syntetisk diesel, men också metanol för bensinbilar. Vi kan då ersätta både diesel och bensin.

Sammantaget är dieselmotorn en bättre energiomvandlare än bensinmotorn. Med fler dieslar och förgasning får vi därmed dubbel effekt?

- Ja, det kan man säga, en hybrid med biodiesel är ju jättebra.

Biogasen då, hur ser du på den?

- Mycket positivt. Jag tror den får en nytändning. Mackarna satsade på etanol eftersom det var mycket billigare. Men med dagens höga priser för spannmål har intresset ökat för restprodukter som inte är prisskänsliga. Det är basen för biogasproduktion, som gödsel och växtrester, avfall från livsmedelsindustrin och från hushållen. Det här gör att konkurrenskraften för biogas kommer att öka.

- Det är ett mycket bra bränsle med stora klimatvinster eftersom restprodukterna annars kan ge växthusgaser som metan. Vi får dubbel klimatnytta.

- Dessutom är det här en råvara som finns och den konkurrerar inte med livsmedelsproduktionen, utan tvärtom - ökar vi livsmedelsproduktionen får vi mer restprodukter som vi kan utnyttja för biogas, säger Pål Börjesson.

Snälla nån, en etanoloptimerad motor är minst lika effektiv som en diesel!:
http://etanol.nu/forumrecover/viewtopic.php?t=346

Jaha, men om vi kan ta tillvara samma restprodukter och producera flytande bräsnlen, är det inte lite smartare?

Potentiellt ja. Men det gäller inte dagens etanolbilar. Men syntetisk diesel kan vi ju köra befintliga lastbilar, gamla surdieselmercor osv på.

Så tills vi kan producera mer syntetisk diesel än vi använder i befintlig bilpark så ger nog det större effekt miljömässigt. Sen beror förstås detta också på vad som är effektivast att producera via förgasning. Mängd, kostnad osv.

Om jag kan nå state of the art dieselverkningsgrad med etanol i min gamla 80-tals bensin-Merca (52 g CO2/mil pga 0.86l/mil) så kan det väl inte vara några tekniska problem för biltillverkarna att nå minst lika långt?
Och för gamla bilar utan entusiastiska konverterare som jag är väl ändå utsläppsnivåer på under 100 gCO2 helt OK?

Tja, GM menar ju på att man kan tillverka etanol till ett pris av 1$/gallon jfrt med 3$ för bensin. Det räcker fint för mig iaf.
Utvecklingen går uppenbarligen mkt fort på detta område, till skillnad från på batteriområdet...

Det kräver dock konvertering. Tillverkarna har ju också vissa krav på sig som kanske inte din gamla Merca klarar. Körbarhet, utsläpp osv.
Syntetdiesel kan man köra på rakt av i alla gamla dieslar om jag förstått saken rätt.

Jag trodde utvecklingen gick rätt fort fram på batteriområdet. Men för att återgå till ämnet så pratade butanol gänget om 1.25$/gallon. Då undrar jag , varför inte Butanol istället ?

Syntetdiesel i den form som hittills presenterats är inte kompatibelt med gamla motorer.

Sedan kan man ju tänka sig syntetisk bensin också, borde iaf funka utan konvertering.

Kanske, har du ngn mer info om Butanol?

What are the economics of the ButylFuel, LLC process?

This will not be known in detail until we complete testing on the B-100 (100 gallons butanol per week) Demonstration model and the B-1,000 pilot plant. However, we can share the results of estimates we developed to established the merits of proceeding with these phases of the work.

Our preliminary cost estimates suggest that we can produce biobutanol from corn for about $1.20 per gallon, not including a credit for the hydrogen produced. This compares with ethanol production costs of about $1.28 per gallon. Taking into account the higher Btu content of butanol, this translates to 105,000 Btu per dollar for butanol and 84,000 Btu per dollar for ethanol with corn at $2.50 per bushel. As a further point of reference, butanol produced from petroleum costs about $1.35 per gallon to manufacture.

The economics of the ButylFuel, LLC process will be even more attractive when waste material is used as feedstock instead of corn and the price to produce a gallon is $0.85 . In such cases the need and cost to grow and prepare the corn for fermentation, by far among the major cost items, are eliminated.

Are there other benefits of ButylFuel, LLC technology?

Yes there are several.

* As an alternative fuel produced from biomass, BFL-produced biobutanol will be based on “green” carbon, and will thereby reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Also when burned, it produces no Sox or Nox, thereby yielding additional significant environmental benefit. Of course the same can be said for ethanol produced from biomass.
* In displacing petroleum as a source of industrial chemicals and gasoline, butanol will help reduce U.S. dependence on foreign oil, thereby helping to relieve world tensions and national security that emanate from oil issues.
* Widespread adoption of biobutanol as an alternative fuel to replace gasoline would stimulate an increased demand for corn and other organics as well as waste biomass. This is a significant way to revitalize the agricultural sector with sustainable jobs.
* Butanol from BFL's process also complies with the US Government's "Clean Air Acts" and the "Strategic Chemicals Acts".

Biobutanol’s Advantages
•
Can be easily added to conventional gasoline, due to its low vapour pressure.
•
Has an energy content closer to that of gasoline than ethanol so consumers face less of a compromise on fuel economy – this is particularly important as the amount of biofuel in the fuel blend increases.
•
Can be blended at higher concentrations than bioethanol for use in standard vehicle engines. Currently biobutanol can blended up to 10%v/v in European gasoline and 11.5%v/v in US gasoline.
•
Well suited to current vehicle and engine technologies.
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Does not require automakers to compromise on performance to meet
environmental regulations.
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Can be used in higher blend concentrations than ethanol without requiring specially adapted vehicles. There is the potential in the future to increase the maximum allowable use in gasoline up to a 16% volume.
•
Is less susceptible to separation in the presence of water than ethanol/gasoline blends, and therefore allows it to use the industry’s existing distribution infrastructure without requiring modifications in blending facilities, storage tanks or retail station pumps.
•
Is expected to be potentially suitable for transport in pipelines, unlike existing biofuels; as a result, biobutanol has the potential to be introduced into gasoline quickly and avoid the need for additional large-scale supply infrastructure.
biobutanol
fact sheet
Biobutanol has a number of synergies with bioethanol:
.
•
Biobutanol is produced from the same agricultural feedstocks as ethanol (i.e. corn, wheat, sugar beet, sorghum, cassava and sugarcane).
•
Existing ethanol capacity can be cost-effectively retrofitted to biobutanol
production (minor changes in fermentation and distillation).
•
There is a vapour pressure co-blend synergy with biobutanol and gasoline containing ethanol, which facilitates ethanol blending.
•
Offers biomass producers and the biofuel converters the option of upgrading to a higher value bio-molecule. It is also compatible with and facilitates the introduction of ethanol into the fuel pool.
Production
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Can utilize a variety of conventional feedstocks such as sugar cane, sugar beet, corn, wheat, cassava and sorghum, supporting global implementation.
•
Will have processes compatible with future biofuel feedstocks such as lignocellulosics from fast-growing energy crops (e.g. grasses) or agricultural byproducts (e.g. corn stalks).
Environmental Benefits:
•
DuPont and BP are currently in the process of carrying out detailed calculations of biobutanol’s GHG Well-to-Wheel/ Life Cycle Analysis emission performance. Iinitial indications are that, on the same feedstock basis, biobutanol delivers emission reductions that are at least as good as ethanol.
•
Biobutanol’s low vapour pressure (lower than gasoline), means that vapour pressure specifications do not need to be compromised leading to higher VOC emissions (i.e. no requirement for a vapour pressure relaxation).
Agricultural Benefits:
•
Biobutanol is produced from the same agricultural feedstocks as bioethanol (i.e. corn, wheat, and sugar beet/cane).
•
Biobutanol is good for global farmers as it provides another marketing opportunity for key agricultural products, thus enhancing value to farmers.
•
By facilitating / smoothing the introduction of biofuels into gasoline, either directly as biobutanol or indirectly through biobutanol’s synergy with ethanol, biobutanol will help expand the biofuels market as well as the markets for related agricultural produce, enhancing value for farmers.

# Butanol can be used as a replacement for gasoline gallon for gallon e.g. 100%, or any other percentage. Ethanol can only be used as an additive to gasoline up to about 85% and then only after significant modifications to the engine. Worldwide 10% ethanol blends predominate.

t-Butanol is used as an additive in gasoline but can't be used as a fuel in its pure form since the melting point is 25.5 °C - in other words, it gels when cool

Possible butanol fuel mixtures

Standards for the blending of ethanol and methanol in gasoline exist in many countries, including the EU, the US and Brazil. Approximate equivalent butanol blends can be calculated from the relations between the stochiometric fuel-air ratio of butanol, ethanol and gasoline. Common ethanol fuel mixtures for fuel sold as gasoline currently range from 5% to 10%. The share of butanol can be 60% greater than the equivalent ethanol share, which gives a range from 8% to 32%. "Equivalent" in this case refers only to the vehicle's ability to adjust to the fuel. Other properties such as energy density, viscosity and heat of vaporisation will vary and may further limit the percentage of butanol that can be blended with gasoline.[citation needed]

[edit] Current use of butanol in vehicles

Currently no production vehicle is known to be approved by the manufacturer for use with 100% butanol, though any model that is able to run 10% ethanol blends should be able to use butanol without any problems.[original research?]

David Ramey drove from Blacklick, Ohio to San Diego, California using butanol in an unmodified 1992 Buick Park Avenue. [18][19] Although further long term testing must be done, it is highly likely that most late model cars can run on 100% butanol safely with no modifications.[original research?]